Deep sleep is most dense in the first half of the night, which happens right before our body drops to its lowest point temperature-wise. During this period, everything drops further: your heart rate, your breathing, your blood pressure, your muscle activity. It can be difficult to wake someone up when they are in the deepest stage of sleep. These slow delta waves indicate you’ve reached a deeply meditative and dream-free sleep. It may also be called “delta sleep” because delta waves are seen on the electroencephalogram (EEG). In sleep medicine, deep sleep may be called slow-wave sleep (SWS), because your brain waves are the slowest at this stage. Individuals with depression may experience improvements when deprived of this stage of sleep.Deep sleep is the third stage of NREM sleep, so you may hear it called NREM Stage 3 or N3. Not reaching your sleep REM state can be beneficial in certain circumstances, but sleep deprivation is not a therapy for depression to consider. Injuries to the brainstem can eliminate the fifth stage of sleep in some patients, but the patients experience no apparent inability to form new memories.People taking medications that interfere with REM sleep have not reported memory impairment.Conflicting theories and debates about the issue continue, and some conflicting evidence arises. It appears this stage of sleep can help you remember how to complete tasks.Īs with many sleep issues, the role of rapid eye movement in learning and memory is still being explored. The fifth stage seems to play a role in procedural memory (sequential steps to complete tasks).This means the mice may require more of this stage of sleep to absorb the lessons learned in the experience. Mice in studies show an increase in REM sleep after finishing a new path through a maze.This indicates the brain requires more REM sleep in order to assimilate the new information. People participating in an intensive language course experienced an increase of REM.The article, Sleep Learning, and Memory from Harvard Medical School's Division of Sleep Medicine explores the relationship between sleep, memory, and learning. The fifth stage of sleep may play a role in learning and memory. A University of Wisconsin study found rats deprived of rapid eye movement sleep had a reduced ability to handle difficult situations and to show defensive responses in threatening environments. Coping skills and reflexes may diminish.Reduced REM sleep may contribute to weight problems in teenagers and children, according to a University of Pittsburgh study. Weight problems are associated with a lack of this stage of sleep.Rats deprived of rapid eye movement sleep experienced reduced cell proliferation in the part of the brain associated with long term memory in a study by Dennis McGinty, PhD. Lack of rapid eye movement sleep may interfere with long-term memory. A Boston University study indicated less REM sleep was associated with a 9 percent increase in the risk of dementia and an 8 percent increase risk of Alzheimer's disease dementia. Too little REM sleep may also increase the risk for dementia later in life. A 2010 study found sleep deprivation caused changes in the levels of key brain proteins known to play a role in causing migraine headaches. Lack of REM can also lead to an increase in migraine headaches. Studies on the subject of rapid eye movement and sleep deprivation have found: What happens if you are not reaching your sleep REM stage? Conflicting information exists, but problems may occur in cognition and pain sensitivity, as well as in other areas according to some studies. Ramifications of Not Reaching REM Sleep Stages
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